Taylor & Francis

Petroleum products that have leaked into the natural environment are very hazardous. They are particularly dangerous for aquatic ecosystems. The major part of oils is carried into natural water bodies together with the surface outwashes from urban areas. One of the most inexpensive and easiest methods of the removal of oil contaminants from runoff is filtering. The authors of this study examined several synthetic substances (Duck and Reo-dry), and several vegetal materials (shredded stems of reeds, bulrush and lesser bulrush) and compared their filtration characteristics with the characteristics of the synthetic substance Fibroil now widely used for filtration. The authors of this study feel that the materials tested are suitable for the petroleum removal filter medium. Industrialists submit specifications of their products that were recorded under ideal conditions, at a low filtration rate. The authors studied filter material of natural origin as well as synthetic ones by simulating actual conditions that originate during heavy rains, i.e. at high filtration rates. In some aspects, low-cost vegetal material for the surface treatment of runoff performed better than the synthetic filters.

A novel, compact, high-voltage, bipolar electroporator is reported that produces single or multiple, symmetrical or asymmetrical, high-power square wave pulses up to+- 1 kV and 100 A. A wide 1 μs to 10 ms pulse duration is provided with high resolution of 1 V and 0.5 μs. The device provides increased flexibility due to enhanced control of the pulse shape and delivered energy.

The electric and magnetic field distributions as well as the dispersion characteristics of open cylindrical tube (hollow-core) waveguides are analysed in this work. The analysed waveguides are made of an onion-like carbon (OLC) material. The solution of the boundary problem was fulfilled by the partial area method. It was discovered the very complicated dependencies of the phase and attenuation constants on the waveguide radii. Such dependencies arise because the OLC material is the highly dispersive and absorbing one. The fundamental and four higher modes can propagate in our investigated waveguides. We have analysed the high-frequency cut-off frequency of modes that is dependent on the tube waveguide external radius. The certain electromagnetic (EM) mode can propagate only on the frequencies lower than the mentioned cut-off frequency. For this reason, this cut-off frequency has an important use in practical applications. We presented here the EM field distributions of modes. We discovered that it is possible to reach the one-mode regime of OLC tube waveguide at the certain external radius. The fundamental and first higher modes’ EM energy is concentrated in the OLC material between the internal and external surfaces of the waveguide.

Nowadays rehabilitation physicians use combined methods for the assessment of patients’ motor functions and use various scoring systems such as International Classification of Functioning, disability and health (ICF), Barthel index of activities and daily living, Wolf motor function test and so on. Despite the fact, that application of WMFT is plausible due to its’ high reliability (David, 2001) and it is comparable with other methods similar to Cronbach alpha (Rinske, 2010), there is still a risk of subjectivity because WMFT evaluation scale ranges from 0 to 5 and different physicians can score the same movement with different scores. Therefore, the main purpose of our research is to explore the possibilities of quantitative evaluation of upper extremity function via instrumented analysis, thus proposing an additional tool that could facilitate the monitoring of rehabilitation process and with larger accuracy. The basic task of this article is to introduce the numerical method and kinematic testing to obtain objective and sensitive quantification of UE movement during combined WMFT and ICF exercises.

Construction, as an object of marketing, has special features: the construction environment is complex and changing, clients’ requirements and expectations are increasing. Construction companies must realize that good marketing, as well as advertising activities have a great impact on sales of construction products and services in today’s competitive market. This paper reports on a qualitative study of the Lithuanian and Swedish construction companies about advertising campaign, budget and means of advertising. The effectiveness of advertising means is also analyzed. The first problem identified in the study is that most Lithuanian construction companies provide self-advertising policy. The lack of experience and knowledge of advertising leads organizations to inadequate decisions. The observations also detected that advertising campaign in the Lithuanian construction companies is underfinanced and the advertising budget is closely linked with used means. The paper concludes with the assessment of the study results and directions for further research.

This two-part paper provides the main trends of the development of construction in Lithuania until 2015, with the fulfilment of which the construction should use the existing potential as much as possible and should develop it more efficiently. In the first part the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as threats in construction sector in Lithuania is carried out in five fundamental aspects. The internationalization of Lithuanian construction sector and sustainable regulation, housing, development of information and internet systems as well as innovation are analyzed in the paper. In the second part the vision and mission of construction sector in Lithuania and the main strategic trends with actions and means of implementation are presented in accordance with the analysis concerning the internationalization of Lithuanian construction sector and sustainable regulation, housing, innovation and development of information and internet systems.

2 pav. pateikti reikšmingumo lygmenys, kai tikrinama hipotezė dėl atsitiktinių dydžių L ir T pasiskirstymo tankių atitikties normaliajam pasiskirstymo tankiui (pagal Hi-kvadrato kriterijų) visose trečdalio oktavos dažnių juostose. Daroma išvada, kad. norint atsitiktiniam dydžiui R nustatyti pasikliautinųjų intervalų ribas, galima taikyti Stjudento pasiskirstymą (žr. (3) ir (4) formules). Pagal nustatytus su pasikliovimo lygmeniu g=95% garso izoliavimo koeficiento paklaidos DR verčių įvertinimus gautos bandymų matavimų kartojimosi vertės visose trečdalio oktavos dažnių juostose (3 pav.). Iš 3 pav. matyti, kad, norint gauti pageidaujamą tikslumą, remiantis standartų reikalavimais [4–7], pakanka išmatuoti garso slėgio lygius L 1 ir L 2 6-iose mikrofono vietose, kai dažnių juostos viršija 200 Hz. ir 12-oje mikrofono vietų, kai dažnių juostos esti mažiau kaip 160 Hz. o aidėjimo trukmę pakanka nustatyti pagal vieną matavimo seriją su 6-iomis registracijomis. Pastebėta, kad garso izoliavimo koeficientas nustatomas taikant garso slėgio vidurkio įvertinimus pagal energinį vidurkį, o jo tikslumui įvertinti imamas aritmetinis vidurkis. Dėl tos priežasties pasikliautinųjų intervalų ribų vertės pasislinks tam tikra verte. Gautas gana tikslus pasislinkimo vertės įvertinimas (6) tarp matematinio ir energinio vidurkio. Tai yra svarbu, norint nustatyti garso izoliavimo koeficiento verčių patikslinimą.