SocIndex

Lithuania, as a part of the former Soviet Union, has a long-standing history of perceived equality for women in the workplace. Women played an equal role in economic production as it was a constitutional expectation that all citizens had both a right and an obligation to work. Consequently, at the time of independence in 1990 the levels of participation of women in the workplace including at managerial and professional levels were much higher than other western European countries. In architecture, women achieved parity in terms of numbers, but this equality did not transfer into all aspects of economic activity. Drawing on qualitative survey and interview data from 31 Lithuanian women architects, our findings show, despite the historical emphasis on equality, the existence of a “critical mass” of women in the profession and the adoption of EU gender equality policy, the position of women remains poor with clear evidence of sex discrimination, harassment, and lack of opportunities for career advancement.

Researchon schools and educational institutions have conventionally focused on evaluation, avoidance, and measurement with numerous strategic factors that have impact on educational performance of students in regard with attachment models. However, performance enhancement requires complete and solid information of developmental procedures that can be observed both with negative and positive aspects. Furthermore, to reach an adequate application of school psychology, a robust theory and an investigation centered approach are required. In this context, present study aims at analysis of Social Control Theory variables; attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. One of the major findings of the study suggests that educational performance enhancement should be measured together with these four variables to reach a complete framework of a bonding model in education. The study provides an overview of the research on Attachment Theory and its relationship with Social Control Theory variables as an educational model through analysis of a comprehensive research table in the field.

The architecture of secondary school buildings implemented according to typified and customised design projects in Soviet Lithuania has been analysed as a manifestation of certain timeframe conditions and possibilities. The research has revealed architects’ creativity, represented values, and ideas under the conditions of a strictly regulated and standardised state construction industry. The influences of changing educational paradigms, building construction regulations, and the political and cultural context on the architectural results of a certain typological group have been taken into account. The research results are relevant for a more detailed understanding of the development peculiarities of the Soviet era, as well as the rearrangement of schooling spaces by adapting them to contemporary needs. The research is focused on the period starting from 1955, when a shift was made to industrialised and standardised architecture, up to 1990 when Lithuania regained its independence.

Straipsnyje ieškoma atsakymo, kaip socialinės ir emocinės ugdymo inovacijos padeda ugdyti vaikų ir jaunimo socialines ir emocines kompetencijas. Žemas socialinis kapitalas1, ypač Lietuvoje (112 vieta iš 167 šalių), prasta psichinė sveikata – pagrindinis COVID-19 pandemijos bruožas – lemia prastesnę ne tik suaugusiųjų, bet ir vaikų bei jaunuolių emocinę savijautą. Savižudybės yra pagrindinė 15–19 metų amžiaus žmonių mirties priežastis Lietuvoje ir Estijoje. Lietuvos, Estijos ir Latvijos mokyklose nesikeičia patyčių apimtis. Daugelyje šalių yra sunku kurti pasitikėjimu grįstus santykius mokyklose. Šie veiksniai ypač paaštrėjo per COVID-19 ir reikalauja naujų sprendimų. Lietuvos, Latvijos, Estijos ir Vokietijos mokslininkų kuriamas Socialinio ir emocinio ugdymo prototipas (Social Emotional Education Prototype Modeling, SEEP)2 turėtų šeimai, kiekvienam mokytojui ir vaikui pasiūlyti algoritmą, kuris padėtų geriau suprasti savo emocijas, jas valdyti ir modeliuoti savo elgesį pozityviosios socializacijos linkme. Straipsnio autoriai siekia, kad SEEP algoritmas būtų tinkamas šeimos terapijai, mokyklos praktikai ir visapusiškai pagalbai bei padėtų spręsti kasdienes socialines ir emocines problemas vaikams ir jaunuoliams, ypač iš nepalankių šeimų, taip pat nesimokančiam ir nedirbančiam (Not in Employment, Education, or Training, NEET) jaunimui. Straipsnyje aptariamos ir kitų Europos šalių socialinių emocinių kompetencijų ugdymo iniciatyvos, kurios skirtos atskirtį patiriantiems jaunuoliams motyvuoti ir įgalinti.

Higher crime rates lead to the increasing fear and anxiety in society and disturb the social structure and harmony in the country. In the last decades, many scientists depict a decrease in economic factors, such as GDP per capita, unemployment rate, poverty, etc. as the primary drivers of crime both in developed and in developing countries. Even during the periods of economic crises, crime rates in the European Union (EU) continued to either decline or remain the same, thus bringing into question the impact of economic factors on crime rates in the EU. The paper examines the impact of changing economic conditions on crime rates in EU countries, employing nowadays vastly used methods in economics to address endogeneity. The aim of the paper is to empirically estimate the relationship between crime rates and economic factors, using previously developed methods. After a series of robustness checks, estimations did not provide evidence of a significant relationship between economic conditions and crime rates over the last decade in EU countries, except for homicides in some model specifications.

Straipsnyje nemažai dėmesio skiriama akcijų rinkų vaidmeniui ekonomikoje, akcijų rinkų ir į jų sąrašus įtrauktų (listinguojamų, angl. listing) įmonių vertinimui. Kiekvieno rinkos dalyvio sugebėjimas efektyviai įsilieti į finansų rinkas – tai prielaida racionaliai pasinaudoti visomis rinkos teikiamomis galimybėmis bei galimybė tapti vienu pagrindinių Lietuvos ekonomikos skatinimo veiksniu. Atlikta įmonių finansinio stabilumo vertinimo metodų analizė, suformuota investicinio portfelio formavimo schema akcijų rinkose. Remiantis atlikta pagrindinių 33 pasaulio akcijų rinkų analize bei tarpiniais į jų sąrašus įtrauktų įmonių finansinio stabilumo vertinimo rezultatais, buvo suformuoti keturi investiciniai portfeliai Skandinavijos bei JAV rinkose ir atliktas suformuotų portfelių patikrinimas realiomis sąlygomis realiu laiku, pasitelkiant tam naujausias technologijas ir pateikiant rezultatus investavimo rezultatų stende.

Straipsnyje aptariamas socialinis virsmas naujųjų laikų Europoje, siekiant atskleisti ryškesnius ideologinio, technologinio ir edukacinio poveikio j ūriniam visuomenės mentalitetui parametrus. Analizu ojama socialinio virsmo ideologinė problematika, charakte rizuojama technologinio ugdymo probleminė linija, atskleidžiamos jūrininkų rengimo idėjos aukštojo mo kslo kontekste. Pagrindiniai teorinio, retrospekcin io, aprašomojo tyrimo metodai – analizė, lyginimas, eur istinė analizė, interpretacija, sintezė. Tyrime lai komasi visybiško asmenybės ugdymo paradigmos kaip metodologinės nuos tatos, kuri pagrindžia integralios asmenybės sampra tą ugdant jūrinį mentalitetą, internalizuojant istoriš kai reikšmingą jūrinę kultūrą.

After becoming independent it was necessary to restructure the complete economic system of the country and reorient it to the market relations both in Lithuania and Kyrgyz Republic. At this stage such phenomena as setbacks in industry, economic crisis and absence of investments and stiffening of money-and-credit relations are inherent to the economy. Under the circumstances, enterprises in default (bankrupt) are inevitable. Due to it it becomes necessary to establish and develop bankruptcy institutions. In its turn bankruptcy institutions provide not only for writing of legislative acts but also for involving of relevant government authorities working with bankrupt enterprises. As for the matter of controlling bankrupt enterprises, Lithuania succeeded more than Kyrgyz Republic, what is proved by the statistic data. Therefore Kyrgyz-stan may adopt the experience of Lithuania and improve operation of bankruptcy institutions.

The article analyses relevant issues in accident prevention methodology in Lithuania by employing a scientific approach. The issues of accident prevention are analyzed in the methodological respect in a priori and a posteriori manner. Accident prevention is analyzed in the context of existing risk. The notion of accident risk is developed, and the principles of its management by relating accidents with possible consequences are differentiated.

In this research a hypothesis about the economical measure, which could be an additional tool for the analysis and assessment of the European Union (ED) countries' economy tendencies is verified. This measure (for each country separately) was constructed as a composite indicator (CI) that involves indicators from economic fields. The dynamics of the CI was compared to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) tendencies during the analysis period. The CI of each EU country was constructed with monthly periodicity therefore this indicator may reflect the economic situation of economy more frequently than GDP.