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Financial development and energy consumption are expected to exert a significant effect on CO2 emission changes. However, there remains a research gap in optimizing pathways to carbon peaking under financial and energy drivers. This paper constructs a novel model covering finance and energy consumption using the generalized Divisia Index (GDI) method. The GDI allows to quantify the drivers behind the CO2 emission change in China during 2005–2020. Furthermore, it combines a Monte Carlo simulation with scenario analysis to forecast the path of CO2 emissions during 2021–2030. The results demonstrate that energy structure and carbon factor remain the principal drivers for CO2 emission growth in China. Thus, it is still pivotal to optimize energy saving and carbon reduction policies. Financial energy saving has enormous potential for reducing CO2 emissions over time, even though the immediate influence on CO2 emission is not significant. China has a substantial probability of reaching the peaking target in 2026 under the technology breakthrough scenario, whereas in the other two scenarios the target cannot be achieved.

In this article we construct parallel solvers analyze the efficiency and accuracy of general parallel solvers for three dimensional parabolic problems with the fractional power of elliptic operators. The proposed discrete method are targeted for general non-constant elliptic operators, the second motivation for the usage of such schemes arises when non-uniform space meshes are essential. Parallel solvers are required to solve the obtained large size systems of linear equations. The detailed scalability analysis is done in order to compare the efficiency of prposed parallel algorithms. Results of computational experiments are presented and analyzed.

In this paper, we have considered that ranked set sampling is able to estimate the parameters of exponentiated Pareto distribution. The method with which the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of exponentiated Pareto distribution is studied is numerical since there is no presence or possibility of a closed-form at the hands of estimators or any other intellectual. The numerical approach is a well-suited one for this study as there has been struggles in achieving it with any other technique. In order to compare the different sampling methods, simulation studies are performed as the main technique. As for the illustrative purposes, analysis of a simulated dataset is desired for the objective of the presentation. The conclusion that we can reach based on these is that the estimators based on the ranked set sample have far better efficiency than the simple random sample at the same sample size.

Despite the benefits of strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials, there is a lack of design recommendations for evaluating the effect of prestressing. Also, all the benefits of the repair can be compromised by not full composite action of concrete and FRP. Therefore, contact stiffness reduction factor is derived and the use of it for a prediction of full bending moment-deflection response is presented in a current paper. The proposed calculation model includes situations, when the RC member was strengthened under external load action and prestressing force was applied to the FRP material – a common situation in practice. Furthermore, a test program is presented to support the theoretical model, consisting of 13 reinforced concrete beams, strengthened with prestressed CFRP laminates. In order to imitate common situation in practice, half of the specimens were strengthened under external load action. Additional results of 73 reinforced concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded (EBR) and near surface mounted (NSM) CFRP and GFRP sheets, laminates and rods were taken from various scientific publications. The numerical results were in a good agreement with experimental ones.

Prions are misfolded, self-replicating, and transmissible proteins capable of causing different conditions that affect the brain and nervous system in humans and animals. Yeasts are the perfect model to study prion formation, dissemination, and the structure of protein aggregates. Yeast prions are related to stress resistance, cell fitness, and viability. Applying a pulsed electric field (PEF) as a factor capable of disintegrating the amyloid aggregates arises from the fact that the amyloid aggregates form via noncovalent bonds and stabilize via electrostatic interactions. In this research, we applied 2–26 kV/cm PEF delivered in sequences of 5 pulses of 1 ms duration to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell without prions and containing strong and weak variants of the [PSI+] prion (prion form of Sup35 translation termination factor). We determined that prions significantly increase cell survivability and resistance to PEF treatment. The application of PEF to the purified Sup35NM fibrils showed that the electric field causes significant reductions in the length of fibrils and the full disintegration of fibrils to Sup35 oligomers can be achieved in higher fields.

Particle-unresolved Eulerian/Lagrangian simulations (DEM/CFD) of static homogenous particle ensembles are compared to direct numerical simulations (DNS) performed with the Lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM). Eliminating particles’ motion, the accuracy of the CFD can be examined in a targeted way. Local quantities at the particle scale such as drag, lift and Nusselt numbers are thus evaluated in detail. In particular, the influence of particles’ shape on numerical accuracy of the non-resolved DEM/CFD utilizing different correlations is studied. As particle shapes spheres, cylinders and cubes are examined applying the widely used multi-sphere method (MSM) for particle approximation. The simulations are conducted for two different exemplary voidages of epsilon = 0.6 and epsilon = 0.8 in the Reynolds number range of R_ep = 10 – 300 and the Prandtl number P_r = 1. The study reveals issues related to non-resolved DEM/CFD simulations especially in the case of non-spherical particles and provides important details for general DEM/CFD applications as well as for future closure derivations.

The designed GaAs/AlGaAs parabolic quantum well (PQW) was grown using a pulsed analog alloy grading (PAAG) technique with molecular beam epitaxy by setting a significantly lower growth rate, growth time variation with growth rate change, and growth interruptions for stabilization of Al source temperature. The growth conditions allowed to achieve high precision parabolic potential of the PQW due to the arrangement of crystalline lattice by migration of group-III atoms and smoothing of interfaces under As overpressure. The structure was probed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and investigated via excitation power and temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL). The origin of the PL spectra lines was corroborated by fractional-dimensional space approach with dimensionality factor varying from 2.46 for confined to 3 for bulk semiconductor radiative transitions. Up to 5 PQW equidistant subbands in conduction and valence bands are observed by filling the states with photoexcited carriers. The PL of the excited PQW states is resolved up to 240 K temperature. The results indicate excellent agreement between luminescent properties of the designed PQW using numerical Schrödinger equation solver and the produced PQW using PAAG technique. It validates the developed PAAG technique as a powerful tool for PQWs growth to tailor a basis for more sophisticated quantum systems for near-infrared to terahertz emitters employing interband and intersubband transitions.