OTTO variklių reguliavimas mažinant sąnaudas ir kenksmingumą

Abstract

The paper presents ways of stabilizing normal gas mixture concentration 1:14,7 in a carburettor and fuel injection systems, with some diagrams added. The theoretical part of this paper ends with formulae and tables for calculating of environmental influence on gas mixture. These tables can be used by designers in their work. The adjustment experiments in a fuel feeding system with the aim of reducing CO in exhaust gases were performed with car and lorry engines which were operating on petrol or propane-butane gases. For CO amount measurement the Motor Tester IT251 analyser was used together with the K-409H power test bench for engine loading. It was found that a proper adjustment of an idling gas mixture influences the CO amount (in volume) from 3 ... 5 to 1,7 ... 4 percent for carburettors in good technical condition and from 6,5 .. 7 to 2,5 ... 4 percent for those in bad condition ones. Also, a mutual dependence among the traction power (in kN) of the wheels, the cross section area (in mm2) of gas dosater hole in the gas reducer and a maximum CO concentration was found. The composition of the gas mixture which was prepared with the help of P3AA- 440 4010 gas reducer also depended upon the gas pressure in the gas cylinder. For a general - purpose engine (petrol-gas) working on gas, the CO amount was reduced from 3 to 2 percent by hastening the initial ignition adiance angle when the rotational speed was 1200 min-1. When the efficiency of a Hyundai Lantra 1,6 jets was tested the difference from minus 6,7 percent to plus 11 percent as compared with an average value was observed. In experiments with a 8-cylinder petrol engine it was revealed that when the rotational frequence equals to 0,69 ne for achieving a maximum power, it is necessary to use the main feeding jets, resulting in 3,2 percent CO amount in exhaust gases. If power lower by 6 percent than maximum is sufficient, the CO amount can be reduced up to 1,8 percent by choosing a jet with a smaller hole.