Dirvožemio užterštumo sunkiaisiais metalais tyrimas ir vertinimas Lietuvos kariniuose poligonuose

Abstract

Military training areas are the greatest military territories in Lithuania. In some of them, military activities are going on for more than 100 years [1]. A specific nature of activities carried out on military training areas for long years, military equipment, weapons, ammunition and different busters have caused the anomalies of pollution in heavy metals in some places [2J. And what is more, in many places environment is polluted with oil products, remains of bullets and busters can be found in tactical fields, and continuous devastation has resulted in sandy soil [3J. The damage caused to the environment by military activities is not limited with pollution of military training areas and surrounding landscapes with different chemical substances. Water that gets into the soil destroys the remains of explosives and ammunition, filters into the deeper layers of the soil and poses a risk of pollution. The surface layer of the soil is a barrier protecting subsoil water against pollution with different chemical substances. By the extent of soil pollution it could be judged about the risk of subsoil water pollution [1]. The carried out research has been aimed at finding out distribution of heavy metals characteristic of busters (zinc, copper, and lead) in the deeper layers of the soil (up to 1-meter deep) and the trends of changing of such distribution [4]. Tests have been carried out at two major military training areas of Lithuania located in different places but used for the same purpose. The received results allowed not only evaluation of the extension of pollution in heavy metals but also setting of the peculiarities of their migration.