Cisternos deformacijų, atsiradusių avarijos metu, identifikavimas

Abstract

In the article methods of determining tank car deformation during an accident by the method of finite elements have been presented. An algorithm for 60 t (73,1 m3) tank cars loaded by oil products has been developed and, using software package “Algor”, the calculations of deformation of the tank cars falling down from rails and railway embankment the speed of the fall, pressure in the cars, flow speed of the liquid, displacements, tensions have been perfomed also tension and displacements in metal in zone of the hole, the forces tearing up the screw-bolts have been calculated. During the tests pressure changes in the tank cars and zone around the hole at the moment of stroke have been determined. It has been found that, judging from isolines of the tank car tensions, the most severe deformation has appeared in the plane parallel to the surface of the hillside and in the ends of the tank cars (in bottoms), the greatest displacement have been 7 cm (the pressure being equal to 0,26 MPa) and very high pressures, at the limit of explosion. In the investigated case the maximum displacement in the centre of the hole cover is 3 cm. Filling hole and hole cover had been deformed and oil had been injected through the clefts. However fitting screw-bolts of the hole cover hold out with great reserve tensions tearing up the screw-bolts. The performed calculations have been applied in technical examination of the railway accident.