Vilniaus senamiesčio tūrinės erdvinės kompozicijos charakterizavimas

Abstract

The objective aspects of the characteristics of the Vilnius Old Town spatial composition - diversity and unity - are revealed in this investigation. It is based on the scientific method of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Comparative quantitative indicators are used. A simplified object model is applied because of a complicated and changing in time character of the spatial structure of the Old Town. Differentiation of the elements was executed according to the principle of a functional university and stability of the revealed elements. Three types of artificial elements were established: - element COMMUNICATION (a street, river embankment, avenue, etc ) functions as the relation and expresses the direction of movement, - element CROSSING (crossing of streets, square, etc.) functions as a distributive point end express intersection of movement, - element MODULE (a block, separate building) represents a comparative isolation and the function of the internal organization of a material body. These elements compile comparatively independent systems (a system of communications, crossings, etc. ). The criteria established for the morphological characterization of their composition can be evaluated by objective statistical data. The degree of spatial completeness of communications is a comparative statistical indication of a communication system. It is related neither with the architectural or historic value of buildings nor with the way of communication space formation. A comparative dissemination of different types of elements in the spatial structure of the Old Town and the degree of spatial completeness of the systems was revealed by the use of similar quantitative indications. 83 percent of the Old Town communications are formed with built-up both sides, 79 percent of crossings are three-handed, unformed and radically changed communications cover 21.2 percent, etc. But these data do not indicate the quality of the Old Town composition by themselves. The quantitative indications of the elements of its material composition help to understand the reasons and expresssion of harmony, unity, diversity, etc. The character of the Old Town spatial composition is characterised through indications of diversity and unity. This investigation revealed some of the features of the Vilnius Old Town artistic quality and correct their contents.