Molio statyba: tradicijos ir perspektyvos
| Author | Affiliation |
|---|---|
Bertašiūtė, Rasa | Kauno technologijos universitetas |
| Year | Issue | Start Page | End Page |
|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 2 | 68 | 74 |
| URI | Access Rights |
|---|---|
| https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14911/134886 | |
| Visas leidinys internete (Arvira prieiga) | Viso teksto dokumentas (atviroji prieiga) / Full Text Document (Open Access) |
Kraštovaizdžio savitumą didele dalimi lemia statybos pobūdis, kuris priklauso nuo gamtos išteklių ir vietos tradicijų. Lietuvoje vyravo medžio statyba. Tačiau, kaip pagalbinė statybinė medžiaga, nuo neatmenamų laikų naudotas ir molis. Molio statyba, ypač išpopuliarėjusi XIX a. II pusėje ir XX a I pusėje, sovietinės okupacijos metais buvo pamiršta, o atgavus nepriklausomybę vėl atgijo. Nuo seno pastebėta, kad moliniai namai ekonomiški, ekologiški ir estetiški. Gausūs žemės gelmėse slūgsantys molio ištekliai užtikrina tradicijų tęstinumo galimybę ir sukuria perspektyvią statybų plėtros alternatyvą.
On the clay architecture one can easy notice local peculiarities which are visible on the plan structure facades and details. Today clay buildings on Middle, South – West and North Lithuania can be estimated as a heritage of vernacular architecture. Clay stock covers more than half of Lithuanian territory. It is very suitable building material for the walls: soft, plastic, eco-friendly. Typical clay walls technologies for Lithuania are: wattle, adobe, wattle and daub, carcass, where space in between is filled with cob or bricks, adobe bricks. Dwelling houses mostly were built by wattle and adobe technique, out-houses (barns, granaries, garners, stack yards, storehouses) – by wattle or mixed (clay and wood, clay and stone or bricks) technique. Walls of outhouses often were built with clay with piers. Between the World Wars clay building was encouraged and supported by state. Today it has to be evaluated as local tradition relevant/ important to preserve and develop. Clay building makes certain both: continuing of local tradition and building alternative for economical and ecological architecture. Though clay building in Lithuania has deep traditions, also it is advanced and modern, economical and ecological, the technology of such building requires special knowledge, a lot of labor force, there are no standardized items, it is lack of good prepared experts; because of these reasons clay technology is not so popular in latter- days. Despite skeptical attitude towards the clay building we have to design modern architecture based on the tradition and a new European architectural tide.