Karinės veiklos poligonuose poveikis dirvožemio organinių medžiagų koncentracijai

Abstract

Soil is important component of biosphere. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) carries out one of the main functions in soil. Physical, chemical and biological features of soil depend on the SOM and cause the ability for plant growth. Each of the given features can differ according to the conditions like climate, land using, etc. Structure and features of soil can be caused by different factors both natural and not natural. The quantity of SOM can decrease because of both agricultural and military activities. Entire areas are disturbed when proceeding bombing trainings, and it leads even to the fertile lands turning into desert. A lot of lands with destroyed plant cover are in the Lithuanian firing grounds. A wide scale of activities are taking place in these lands, and bombing trainings too. I sua/ly bombing trainings takesplace in the same areas, so called tactical fields. Because of regular disturbation, the plant cover in such fields is poor, sometimes is missing, waste grounds are predominating. In addition, the soil in such areas is polluted by heavy metals, because the explosive charges are made from the zinc or lead. The results of completed research had shown that the decrease of SOM varied from 30 to 80% in the epicentres of explosions. The influence of thermal and physical impact of explosion wave was significant in about 3 and more metres from the explosion epicentres. The main topics of the completed research was to find out the dependencies between quantity of SOM and the distance from explosions epicentre, also the power of explosion and etc. In some areas concentrations of heavy metals were twice and more higher than background concentrations. The results leaded to the conclusions concerning negative military impacts.